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dotnet/samples/AzureFunctions/05_AgentOrchestration_HITL/FunctionTriggers.cs

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+// Copyright (c) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
+
+using System.Net;
+using System.Text.Json;
+using Microsoft.Agents.AI;
+using Microsoft.Agents.AI.DurableTask;
+using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker;
+using Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Http;
+using Microsoft.DurableTask;
+using Microsoft.DurableTask.Client;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
+
+namespace AgentOrchestration_HITL;
+
+public static class FunctionTriggers
+{
+    [Function(nameof(RunOrchestrationAsync))]
+    public static async Task<object> RunOrchestrationAsync(
+        [OrchestrationTrigger] TaskOrchestrationContext context)
+    {
+        // Get the input from the orchestration
+        ContentGenerationInput input = context.GetInput<ContentGenerationInput>()
+            ?? throw new InvalidOperationException("Content generation input is required");
+
+        // Get the writer agent
+        DurableAIAgent writerAgent = context.GetAgent("WriterAgent");
+        AgentThread writerThread = await writerAgent.GetNewThreadAsync();
+
+        // Set initial status
+        context.SetCustomStatus($"Starting content generation for topic: {input.Topic}");
+
+        // Step 1: Generate initial content
+        AgentResponse<GeneratedContent> writerResponse = await writerAgent.RunAsync<GeneratedContent>(
+            message: $"Write a short article about '{input.Topic}'.",
+            thread: writerThread);
+        GeneratedContent content = writerResponse.Result;
+
+        // Human-in-the-loop iteration - we set a maximum number of attempts to avoid infinite loops
+        int iterationCount = 0;
+        while (iterationCount++ < input.MaxReviewAttempts)
+        {
+            context.SetCustomStatus(
+                $"Requesting human feedback. Iteration #{iterationCount}. Timeout: {input.ApprovalTimeoutHours} hour(s).");
+
+            // Step 2: Notify user to review the content
+            await context.CallActivityAsync(nameof(NotifyUserForApproval), content);
+
+            // Step 3: Wait for human feedback with configurable timeout
+            HumanApprovalResponse humanResponse;
+            try
+            {
+                humanResponse = await context.WaitForExternalEvent<HumanApprovalResponse>(
+                    eventName: "HumanApproval",
+                    timeout: TimeSpan.FromHours(input.ApprovalTimeoutHours));
+            }
+            catch (OperationCanceledException)
+            {
+                // Timeout occurred - treat as rejection
+                context.SetCustomStatus(
+                    $"Human approval timed out after {input.ApprovalTimeoutHours} hour(s). Treating as rejection.");
+                throw new TimeoutException($"Human approval timed out after {input.ApprovalTimeoutHours} hour(s).");
+            }
+
+            if (humanResponse.Approved)
+            {
+                context.SetCustomStatus("Content approved by human reviewer. Publishing content...");
+
+                // Step 4: Publish the approved content
+                await context.CallActivityAsync(nameof(PublishContent), content);
+
+                context.SetCustomStatus($"Content published successfully at {context.CurrentUtcDateTime:s}");
+                return new { content = content.Content };
+            }
+
+            context.SetCustomStatus("Content rejected by human reviewer. Incorporating feedback and regenerating...");
+
+            // Incorporate human feedback and regenerate
+            writerResponse = await writerAgent.RunAsync<GeneratedContent>(
+                message: $"""
+                    The content was rejected by a human reviewer. Please rewrite the article incorporating their feedback.
+                    
+                    Human Feedback: {humanResponse.Feedback}
+                    """,
+                thread: writerThread);
+
+            content = writerResponse.Result;
+        }
+
+        // If we reach here, it means we exhausted the maximum number of iterations
+        throw new InvalidOperationException(
+            $"Content could not be approved after {input.MaxReviewAttempts} iterations.");
+    }
+
+    // POST /hitl/run
+    [Function(nameof(StartOrchestrationAsync))]
+    public static async Task<HttpResponseData> StartOrchestrationAsync(
+        [HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Anonymous, "post", Route = "hitl/run")] HttpRequestData req,
+        [DurableClient] DurableTaskClient client)
+    {
+        // Read the input from the request body
+        ContentGenerationInput? input = await req.ReadFromJsonAsync<ContentGenerationInput>();
+        if (input is null || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(input.Topic))
+        {
+            HttpResponseData badRequestResponse = req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
+            await badRequestResponse.WriteAsJsonAsync(new { error = "Topic is required" });
+            return badRequestResponse;
+        }
+
+        string instanceId = await client.ScheduleNewOrchestrationInstanceAsync(
+            orchestratorName: nameof(RunOrchestrationAsync),
+            input: input);
+
+        HttpResponseData response = req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.Accepted);
+        await response.WriteAsJsonAsync(new
+        {
+            message = "HITL content generation orchestration started.",
+            topic = input.Topic,
+            instanceId,
+            statusQueryGetUri = GetStatusQueryGetUri(req, instanceId),
+        });
+        return response;
+    }
+
+    // POST /hitl/approve/{instanceId}
+    [Function(nameof(SendHumanApprovalAsync))]
+    public static async Task<HttpResponseData> SendHumanApprovalAsync(
+        [HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Anonymous, "post", Route = "hitl/approve/{instanceId}")] HttpRequestData req,
+        string instanceId,
+        [DurableClient] DurableTaskClient client)
+    {
+        // Read the approval response from the request body
+        HumanApprovalResponse? approvalResponse = await req.ReadFromJsonAsync<HumanApprovalResponse>();
+        if (approvalResponse is null)
+        {
+            HttpResponseData badRequestResponse = req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
+            await badRequestResponse.WriteAsJsonAsync(new { error = "Approval response is required" });
+            return badRequestResponse;
+        }
+
+        // Send the approval event to the orchestration
+        await client.RaiseEventAsync(instanceId, "HumanApproval", approvalResponse);
+
+        HttpResponseData response = req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK);
+        await response.WriteAsJsonAsync(new
+        {
+            message = "Human approval sent to orchestration.",
+            instanceId,
+            approved = approvalResponse.Approved
+        });
+        return response;
+    }
+
+    // GET /hitl/status/{instanceId}
+    [Function(nameof(GetOrchestrationStatusAsync))]
+    public static async Task<HttpResponseData> GetOrchestrationStatusAsync(
+        [HttpTrigger(AuthorizationLevel.Anonymous, "get", Route = "hitl/status/{instanceId}")] HttpRequestData req,
+        string instanceId,
+        [DurableClient] DurableTaskClient client)
+    {
+        OrchestrationMetadata? status = await client.GetInstanceAsync(
+            instanceId,
+            getInputsAndOutputs: true,
+            req.FunctionContext.CancellationToken);
+
+        if (status is null)
+        {
+            HttpResponseData notFound = req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
+            await notFound.WriteAsJsonAsync(new { error = "Instance not found" });
+            return notFound;
+        }
+
+        HttpResponseData response = req.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK);
+        await response.WriteAsJsonAsync(new
+        {
+            instanceId = status.InstanceId,
+            runtimeStatus = status.RuntimeStatus.ToString(),
+            workflowStatus = status.SerializedCustomStatus is not null ? (object)status.ReadCustomStatusAs<JsonElement>() : null,
+            input = status.SerializedInput is not null ? (object)status.ReadInputAs<JsonElement>() : null,
+            output = status.SerializedOutput is not null ? (object)status.ReadOutputAs<JsonElement>() : null,
+            failureDetails = status.FailureDetails
+        });
+        return response;
+    }
+
+    [Function(nameof(NotifyUserForApproval))]
+    public static void NotifyUserForApproval(
+        [ActivityTrigger] GeneratedContent content,
+        FunctionContext functionContext)
+    {
+        ILogger logger = functionContext.GetLogger(nameof(NotifyUserForApproval));
+
+        // In a real implementation, this would send notifications via email, SMS, etc.
+        logger.LogInformation(
+            """
+            NOTIFICATION: Please review the following content for approval:
+            Title: {Title}
+            Content: {Content}
+            Use the approval endpoint to approve or reject this content.
+            """,
+            content.Title,
+            content.Content);
+    }
+
+    [Function(nameof(PublishContent))]
+    public static void PublishContent(
+        [ActivityTrigger] GeneratedContent content,
+        FunctionContext functionContext)
+    {
+        ILogger logger = functionContext.GetLogger(nameof(PublishContent));
+
+        // In a real implementation, this would publish to a CMS, website, etc.
+        logger.LogInformation(
+            """
+            PUBLISHING: Content has been published successfully.
+            Title: {Title}
+            Content: {Content}
+            """,
+            content.Title,
+            content.Content);
+    }
+
+    private static string GetStatusQueryGetUri(HttpRequestData req, string instanceId)
+    {
+        // NOTE: This can be made more robust by considering the value of
+        //       request headers like "X-Forwarded-Host" and "X-Forwarded-Proto".
+        string authority = $"{req.Url.Scheme}://{req.Url.Authority}";
+        return $"{authority}/api/hitl/status/{instanceId}";
+    }
+}